Aluminium (Al) nicyuma kitari ferrous ibintu bya chimique biboneka hose muri kamere.Amikoro ya aluminium muri tectoniki ya plaque agera kuri toni miliyari 40-50, iza ku mwanya wa gatatu nyuma ya ogisijeni na silikoni.Nubwoko bwibyuma byo hejuru cyane mubwoko bwibikoresho.Aluminium ifite imiterere yihariye ya chimique na physicochemicique, ntabwo yoroheje muburemere gusa, ariko kandi ikomeye mubikoresho.Ifite kandi plastike nziza.Amashanyarazi, guhererekanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya imirasire ni ibikoresho by'ibanze fatizo bigamije iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu n’ubukungu.
Aluminium nikintu cyimiti myinshi kwisi, kandi ibiyirimo biza kumwanya wambere mubikoresho byicyuma.Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19 ni bwo aluminium yahindutse ibikoresho by'ipiganwa birushanwe mu mishinga y'ubwubatsi, maze biba moderi mu gihe gito.Iterambere ryiminyururu itatu yingenzi yinganda zindege, ubwubatsi nubwubatsi, hamwe nibinyabiziga bisaba umwihariko wa aluminium na alloys, bifasha cyane mugukora no gukoresha iki cyuma gishya-aluminium.
Inkoni ya aluminium ni ubwoko bwa aluminium.Gushonga inkoni ya aluminiyumu birimo gushonga, kuvura kweza, kuvanaho umwanda, gutesha agaciro, kuvanaho ibicuruzwa no guhimba.Ukurikije ibintu bya shimi bikubiye mu nkoni ya aluminium, inkoni ya aluminiyumu irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro 8.
Ukurikije ibintu bya shimi bikubiye mu nkoni ya aluminium, inkoni ya aluminiyumu irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro 8, bishobora kugabanywa mu bice 9 by’ibicuruzwa:
1.1000 urukurikirane rwa aluminiyumu yerekana 1050.1060.1100.Mubicuruzwa byose byuruhererekane, 1000 serie ni iyurukurikirane rufite aluminiyumu nini.Isuku irashobora kugera kuri 99.00%.Kuberako ntakindi kintu cya tekiniki, inzira yumusaruro iroroshye kandi igiciro kirahendutse.Nibikorwa bikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa gakondo muriki cyiciro.Umubare munini wibicuruzwa ku isoko ryo kugurisha ni 1050 na 1060.1000 urukurikirane rwa aluminiyumu igena byibuze aluminiyumu yuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa hashingiwe ku mibare 2 yanyuma.Kurugero, ibice 2 byanyuma kubicuruzwa 1050 byuruhererekane ni 50. Ukurikije ibipimo mpuzamahanga byerekana ishusho yerekana imiterere, ibirimo aluminiyumu bigomba kuba hejuru ya 99.5%.Ubushinwa bwa aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu (GB / T3880-2006) nabwo buteganya neza ko 1050 ya aluminium igomba kuba 99.5%.Muri ubwo buryo, ibirimo aluminiyumu yibikoresho bya aluminiyumu y'ibicuruzwa 1060 bigomba kuba hejuru ya 99,6%.
2.2000 urukurikirane rwa aluminiyumu yerekana 2A16 (16) .2A02 (6).2000 ikurikirana ya aluminiyumu ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi nini cyane mu muringa, hafi 3-5%.2000 urukurikirane rwa aluminiyumu ni iy'indege ya aluminium, ntabwo isanzwe mu nganda gakondo.
2024 ni ibikoresho bisanzwe bya karubone ibyuma bivangwa na aluminium-umuringa-magnesium.Nuburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buvanze nubukomere bukabije, kubyara umusaruro no gutunganya byoroshye, gukata laser byoroshye no kurwanya ruswa.
Imiterere yumubiri ya 2024 ya aluminiyumu iratera imbere cyane nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe (T3, T4, T351).Ibipimo bya leta ya T3 nibi bikurikira: imbaraga zo kwikuramo 470MPa, imbaraga zingana 0.2% 325MPa, kuramba: 10%, umunaniro ntarengwa 105MPa, imbaraga 120HB.
Igipimo cyo gukoresha inkoni ya aluminium 2024: imiterere yindege.Bolt.Ibiziga by'imizigo.Ibice bitwara indege nibindi bice.
3.3000 yuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu uhagarariye 3003.3A21.Mu gihugu cyanjye, umusaruro wibikoresho bya aluminium yibicuruzwa 3000 byuruhererekane bifite ireme.Inkoni ya aluminiyumu yuruhererekane 3000 igizwe ahanini na manganese.Ibirimo biri hagati ya 1.0-1.5, ni urukurikirane rwibicuruzwa bivura imiti.
4. Urukurikirane rwa 4000 ya aluminiyumu igereranya 4A014000 ya aluminiyumu ya aluminium, ikaba ari iy'ibicuruzwa birimo silikoni nyinshi.Mubisanzwe ibirimo silicon iri hagati ya 4.5-6.0%.Uruhare rwo kubaka ibikoresho byo gushushanya, ibice byubukanishi, guhimba ibikoresho bibisi, ibikoresho byo gusudira;Ahantu ho gushonga, kurwanya ruswa neza, ibisobanuro byibicuruzwa: kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwihanganira kwambara.
Urukurikirane rwa 5.5000 ya aluminium yerekana 5052.5005.5083.5A05.5000 y'uruhererekane rwa aluminiyumu ni iy'ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya aluminium ya aluminiyumu, ikintu nyamukuru ni magnesium, naho magnesium iri hagati ya 3-5%.Azwi kandi nka aluminium-magnesium.Ibintu byingenzi byingenzi biranga ubucucike buke, imbaraga zo gukomeretsa cyane no kuramba cyane.Muri ako gace kamwe, uburemere bwa aluminium-magnesium alloys ni buto ugereranije n’ibindi bicuruzwa, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda gakondo.Ubushinwa 5000 urukurikirane rwa aluminiyumu ni kimwe mu bicuruzwa byuzuye bya aluminium.
6.6000 yuruhererekane rwa aluminiyumu yerekana urufunguzo 6061.6063 hamwe nibintu bibiri bya magnesium na silicon, yibanda kubyiza byibicuruzwa 4000 byuruhererekane na 5000.6061 nigicuruzwa gikonje cya aluminiyumu yibicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa byinshi kugirango irwanye ruswa kandi igabanuke.Ubworoherane bwo gukoresha, gutwikira neza, no gukora neza.
6061 isahani ya aluminium igomba kugira imbaraga zo kwikuramo.Inzego zinyuranye zinganda, nko gukora amakamyo, kubaka umunara, amato, tram, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byimashini, gutunganya neza, nibindi.
6063 isahani ya aluminium.Ubwubatsi nubwubatsi bwa aluminiyumu (uruhererekane rwibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane cyane mumadirishya ya aluminium alloy), imiyoboro yo kuhira n'imodoka.Ihuriro.Ibikoresho.Kurinda nibindi bikoresho byo gukuramo.
7.7000 ikurikirana ya aluminiyumu igereranya icyuma 7075.Igwa kandi munsi yumuryango wibicuruzwa.Ni aluminium, magnesium, zinc, umuringa wumuringa, uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe hamwe nibikoresho bya super carbone ibikoresho.Ifite imyambarire myiza.Byinshi muri byo bitumizwa mu mahanga, kandi inzira yo kubyaza umusaruro igihugu cyacu igomba kunozwa.
8. 8000 y'uruhererekane rwa aluminiyumu iramenyerewe cyane, 8011 ni iyindi bicuruzwa bikurikirana, ahanini bikoreshwa kuri platine ya aluminium, kandi gukora inkoni ya aluminiyumu ntibisanzwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-23-2022